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慢性肾脏病非免疫抑制治疗药物研究进展
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Abstract:
慢性肾脏病正影响全世界越来越多的人。随着疾病不断进展，不少患者最终进入肾脏替代治疗阶段，生活质量下降、经济负担加重。因此，目前针对改善肾脏预后药物的研究层出不穷。近年来临床上出现了一系列被建议用于慢性肾脏病患者长期管理的新药物。在慢性肾脏病患者中适当应用这些新型药物，对延缓肾衰竭进程、推迟进入肾脏替代治疗时间、减少并发症的发生、改善患者的生活质量至关重要。本综述讨论了在CKD管理中一系列非免疫抑制药物的研究进展，例如肾素–血管紧张素–醛固酮系统抑制剂、钠–葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂、胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂、非甾体选择性盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂和内皮素受体拮抗剂等，旨在加深人们对于这些药物对疾病作用的理解，推动慢性肾脏病的长期良好管理，改善患者的预后，减小社会负担。
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasingly affecting a growing number of individuals worldwide. As the disease progresses, patients inevitably enter the stage of renal replacement therapy, leading to a decline in quality of life and an increased economic burden. Consequently, there is a burgeoning body of research focused on developing medications to improve renal prognosis. In recent years, a series of new drugs have been recommended for the long-term management of patients with CKD in clinical practice. The appropriate application of these novel drugs in patients with CKD is crucial for delaying the progression of renal failure, postponing the initiation of renal replacement therapy, reducing the incidence of complications, and improving patients’ quality of life. This review discusses the research advancements of a range of non-immunosuppressive drugs in CKD management, such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, nonsteroidal selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and endothelin receptor antagonists. The aim is to deepen the understanding of the role of these drugs in the disease, promote long-term effective management of CKD, improve patient outcomes, and reduce the societal burden.
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