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嗅觉训练改善抑郁症状的研究进展
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Abstract:
抑郁症是全球最常见的精神障碍之一，通常伴随着显著的情绪、认知和社交功能障碍。近年来，越来越多的研究关注嗅觉障碍与抑郁症之间的关联，发现许多抑郁症患者普遍存在嗅觉功能下降的现象，并且嗅觉损伤可能进一步加剧情绪低落、焦虑等负面症状。嗅觉训练(OT)作为一种非药物干预方法，通过反复暴露于特定气味来刺激嗅觉神经通路，已被证明能够改善嗅觉功能，并在一定程度上对情绪调节产生积极影响。然而，嗅觉训练是否能够有效缓解抑郁症状仍存在一定争议。本文回顾了现有文献中关于嗅觉训练对抑郁症状影响的研究进展，并探讨了其可能的神经机制与心理机制，旨在为进一步研究和临床应用提供理论依据与实践指导。
Depression is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide, often accompanied by significant emotional, cognitive, and social impairments. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the association between olfactory dysfunction and depression. Many studies have found that individuals with depression frequently experience a decline in olfactory function, and olfactory impairment may exacerbate negative symptoms such as mood disturbances and anxiety. Olfactory training (OT), a non-pharmacological intervention, involves repeated exposure to specific odors to stimulate the olfactory neural pathways and has been shown to improve olfactory function while having a positive effect on emotional regulation to some extent. However, there is still some controversy over whether olfactory training can effectively alleviate depression symptoms. This paper reviews the current literature on the effects of olfactory training on depression symptoms, exploring its potential neural and psychological mechanisms, with the aim of providing theoretical foundations and practical guidance for further research and clinical applications.
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