论大数据背景下未成年人信息保护的法律完善
On the Legal Improvement of Minors’ Information Protection under the Background of Big Data

随着我国互联网技术的不断提高和经济的不断发展，我国早已进入到互联网大数据时代，未成年人也逐步成为主要参与者，然而大数据在带给未成年人便利的同时，也增加了未成年信息侵权案件发生的风险。就我国目前的未成年人信息保护而言，我国法律上主要存在着未成年人年龄划分机制不合理、监护人同意制度不完善、网络运营商规避规定、赔偿标准较低等问题。我国应该借鉴美国《儿童在线隐私保护法》、欧盟《通用数据保护条例》等有参考价值的制度，将我国未成年人划分为14周岁、14~16周岁、16~18周岁三个年龄阶段；立法上完善监护人同意制度在知情同意等规则上的不足；加大网络运营商的义务和责任；引入惩罚性赔偿机制，通过对未成年人信息保护的问题进行分析并提出相应对策，完善我国未成年人信息保护的路径。
With the continuous improvement of China’s Internet technology and the continuous development of the economy, China has already entered the Internet big data era, and minors have gradually become the main participants. However, big data brings convenience to minors, but also increases the risk of minors’ information infringement cases. As far as the information protection of minors in China is concerned, China’s laws are mainly characterized by such problems as unreasonable system of age division of minors, imperfect system of guardian consent, evasion network of regulations by network operators, low compensation standards and other issues. China should learn from the United States “Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act”, the European Union “General Data Protection Regulations” and other valuable reference systems and divide minors in China into three age stages: 14, 14~16 and 16~18; legislate to improve the insufficiency of the guardian’s consent system in terms of the rules of informed consent and other rules; increase the obligations and responsibilities of network operators; and introduce punitive compensation mechanism, through analyzing the problems of the protection of minors’ information and proposing corresponding countermeasures to improve the path for the protection of minors’ information in China.