康德自由王国与马克思自由人联合体的理论联系及其启示
The Theoretical Connection between Kant’s Kingdom of Liberty and Marx’s Community of Free Individuals and Its Implications

自由在当代社会仍然作为一个价值理念被广泛讨论。康德和马克思在自由理论上的探讨具有内在的理论联系，这对当代理想社会的发展具有重要的指导意义。康德自由王国理念深刻影响了马克思自由人联合体的形成，马克思在此基础上将康德的自由理论转化为对人的自由全面发展的追求，将个体道德自由的关注拓展到人类发展的广阔领域。康德与马克思的自由理论在主体性、实践途径和自由相对性方面具有理论联系，认为人通过具体的行为和活动来实现自由。当代社会应从人的主体性、实践实现自由的融合统一以及自由的相对性等方面汲取启示，构建一个既遵循普遍伦理原则又包容文化多样性的和谐国际秩序，确保每个人在自由与尊严的环境中生活。
Freedom is still widely discussed as a value concept in contemporary society. Kant’s and Marx’s discussion on the theory of freedom has an inherent theoretical connection, which is of great significance in guiding the development of contemporary ideal society. Kant’s concept of the Kingdom of Freedom profoundly influenced the formation of Marx’s association of free men, on the basis of which Marx transformed Kant’s theory of freedom into the pursuit of the free and comprehensive development of human beings, expanding the concern for individual moral freedom to the broad field of human development. Kant’s and Marx’s theories of freedom share commonalities in terms of subjectivity, practical pathways and the relativity of freedom, believing that human beings realise their freedom through specific behaviours and activities. Contemporary society should draw inspiration from the subjectivity of human beings, the integration and unity of practice to realise freedom and the relativity of freedom, so as to build a harmonious international order that follows universal ethical principles and accommodates cultural diversity, and to ensure that every individual lives in an environment of freedom and dignity.