碳限额下区块链赋能的供应链决策研究
Research on Supply Chain Strategies Enabled by Blockchain under the CAP-and-Trade System

在碳限额政策的背景下，供应链成员面临平衡碳减排目标与经济效益的挑战。本文基于碳限额政策背景，构建零售商主导的二级供应链模型，分析了区块链技术引入前后制造商与零售商的减排与定价决策及经济影响。研究结果表明，未引入区块链技术时，制造商在信息不对称的情况下倾向于谎报碳排放数据以获取更多的碳配额，从而降低减排成本；引入区块链技术后，由于其透明性和不可篡改性，供应链成员能够准确追踪碳排放数据，有效解决谎报行为。同时当区块链技术的实施成本低于一定阈值时，碳减排效果以及供应链各方的整体利润显著提升。
Under the CAP-and-Trade System policies, members of the supply chain face the challenge of achieving carbon reduction targets while maintaining economic profitability. In the context of CAP-and-Trade System, this paper constructs a two-tier supply chain model dominated by retailers. It analyzes the emission reduction and pricing decisions of manufacturers and retailers, as well as the economic impacts, before and after the introduction of blockchain technology. The findings suggest that, in the absence of blockchain, manufacturers are incentivized to misreport carbon emission data due to information asymmetry, allowing them to acquire additional carbon allowances and reduce the costs of emissions reductions. However, once blockchain technology is introduced, its transparency and immutability enable accurate tracking of carbon emissions, effectively mitigating misreporting behaviors. Furthermore, when the implementation cost of blockchain technology falls below a certain threshold, both the effectiveness of carbon reduction and the overall profits of supply chain members are significantly enhanced.