数字普惠金融对农村劳动力非农就业的影响——基于CFPS数据的实证分析
The Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on Non-Agricultural Employment of Rural Labor Force—Empirical Analysis Based on CFPS Data

党的二十届三中全会就增进农民福祉做出了多项部署，但现阶段，我国农村劳动力的收入依然较低，非农就业是促进农民增收最直接的手段。数字普惠金融以包容性著称，重点服务弱势群体，那么其对农村劳动力非农就业有没有影响，如果有，通过何种机制产生影响。为解决这一问题，本文在理论分析的基础上，构建Mlogit模型，基于2016、2018、2020三期中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据和北京大学数字普惠金融指数，证实了数字普惠金融对农村劳动力非农就业的促进作用。通过分地区考察发现，在我国的东、中部地区，数字普惠金融对农村劳动力非农就业有着显著的促进作用，在西部地区则不显著。在稳健性检验中，本文改变了对农村劳动力就业类型的划分，上述结论依旧成立。本研究对我国充分发挥数字普惠金融功能，并使农村劳动力在其发展中受惠有一定的参考意义。
The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made multiple arrangements to enhance the well-being of farmers. However, at present, the income of rural labor in China is still relatively low, and non-agricultural employment is the most direct means to promote farmers’ income increase. Digital inclusive finance is known for its inclusiveness and focuses on serving disadvantaged groups. So, does it have an impact on rural labor force’s non-agricultural employment, and if so, through what mechanism? To address this issue, based on theoretical analysis, this article constructs the Mlogit model and uses data from the 2016, 2018, and 2020 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) and the Peking University Digital Inclusive Finance Index to confirm the promoting effect of digital inclusive finance on non-agricultural employment of rural labor. Through regional investigation, it was found that in the eastern and central regions of China, digital inclusive finance has a significant promoting effect on non-agricultural employment of rural labor, while it is not significant in the western region. In the robustness test, this article changed the classification of rural labor employment types, and the above conclusion still holds true. This study has certain reference significance for fully leveraging the functions of digital inclusive finance in China and benefiting rural labor force in its development.