从《唐史发潜》看张唐英的君道观与臣道观
On Zhang Tangying’s Views on the Way of a Monarch and the Way of a Minister as Seen from Tangshi Faqian

《唐史发潜》是北宋学者张唐英的史论著作，其中蕴含着丰富的君道、臣道政治思想。前人多关注《唐史发潜》的史论价值，但对其中的政治思想关注较少。《唐史发潜》中对于唐代君主以及大臣的评价也是对张唐英的君道、臣道政治思想的总结。张唐英的君臣观既有继承传统的一面，即受传统儒家思想的君臣观影响，提倡“圣君贤相”，张唐英独特之处在于他擅长将隐藏于历史之中的恶人恶事或者嘉言懿行揭发出来，除了揭发臣子的恶行还敢于大胆批评君主，也是为了能更好地发挥历史之教化作用。
Tangshi Faqian is a historical work by the Northern Song Dynasty scholar Zhang Tangying, which contains a wealth of political ideas of monarchs and Ministers. Predecessors paid more attention to the historical value of Tangshi Faqian, but paid less attention to the political ideology in it. The evaluation of the monarchs and ministers of the Tang Dynasty in Tangshi Faqian is also a summary of Zhang Tangying’s political thoughts on the way of monarchs and ministers. Zhang Tangying’s concept of monarchs and ministers has both inherited the traditional side, that is, influenced by the traditional Confucian concept of monarchs and ministers, advocating “sage king and prime virtuous minister”, Zhang Tangying’s uniqueness lies in the fact that he is good at exposing the evil deeds of evil people hidden in history or good words and deeds, in addition to exposing the evil deeds of courtiers, he also dares to boldly criticize the monarch, and it is also in order to better play the role of history in education.