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未成年犯暴力再犯风险及心理行为特点调查
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Abstract:
目的：调查未成年暴力犯的暴力再犯风险及其心理行为特点。方法：通过访谈、他评、自评结合的方式对206名未成年暴力犯进行暴力再犯风险、反社会人格障碍、品行障碍、冷漠无情特质、冲动性、共情等方面的调查。结果：高暴力再犯风险者的比例为32%，品行障碍的检出率为76.21%，反社会人格障碍的检出率为77.67%。累犯、不完整家庭者、入所前非在校生的暴力风险显著高于初犯、家庭不完整者及入所前在校生。共情总分与暴力再犯风险显著相关，冷漠无情特质、冲动性水平与各个暴力风险得分皆呈现出显著正相关。结论：该群体暴力风险水平较高，个体的冷漠无情特质、冲动性、共情水平对于暴力风险有较好的预测作用。
Objective: To investigate the risk of violence and the psychological behavioral characteristics of juvenile offenders. Methods: A comprehensive assessment of 206 juvenile violent offenders was conducted using interviews, peer evaluations, and self-assessments, focusing on factors such as violence recidivism risk, antisocial personality disorder, conduct disorder, callous-unemotional traits, impulsivity, and empathy. Results: The proportion of individuals at high risk for violent recidivism was 32%. The detection rates for conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder were 76.21% and 77.67%, respectively. Recidivists, individuals from incomplete families, and those who were not enrolled in school prior to institutionalization showed significantly higher levels of violent risk compared to first-time offenders, those from complete families, and those who were enrolled in school before institutionalization. Empathy scores were significantly correlated with the risk of violent recidivism, while callous-unemotional traits and impulsivity levels were positively correlated with all violent risk scores. Conclusion: The juvenile violent offender group exhibits a high level of violent risk. The individual’s callous-unemotional traits, impulsivity, and empathy levels are good predictors of violent risk.
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