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膈肌超声临床应用研究进展
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Abstract:
膈肌作为呼吸泵的重要组成部分，是负责吸气的主要肌肉。膈肌功能可以通过多种方式进行评估，例如胸部X线、CT，膈肌肌电图，跨膈压等。近年来，膈肌超声以其直观、无创、便携、实时等优势，在临床应用中逐渐发挥重要作用。目前膈肌超声主要应用于预测膈肌功能障碍、预防膈肌萎缩、预测机械通气时机及结局、评估患者吸气努力、促进患者预后康复，以及在COPD及ALS患者中的应用。基于此，本文对膈肌功能的评估方法及近年来膈肌超声的临床应用进行综述。
As an important part of the respiratory pump, the diaphragm is the main muscle responsible for inhalation. Diaphragm function can be assessed in a variety of ways, such as chest X-ray, CT, diaphragm electromyography, transdiaphragmatic pressure, etc. In recent years, diaphragm ultrasound has gradually played an important role in clinical application because of its intuitive, non-invasive, portable and real-time advantages. At present, diaphragmatic ultrasound is mainly used in predicting diaphragmatic dysfunction, preventing diaphragmatic atrophy, predicting the timing and outcome of mechanical ventilation, evaluating patients’ inspiratory efforts, promoting patients’ prognosis and rehabilitation, and in patients with COPD and ALS. Based on this, the assessment methods of diaphragm function and the clinical application of diaphragm ultrasound in recent years are reviewed in this paper.
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