不同氮肥用量对辣椒产量和经济效益的影响
Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Dosage on Pepper Yield and Economic Profits

为明确氮肥用量对辣椒的产量、品质、氮肥利用率及经济效益的影响，在河南省临颍县设置了氮肥梯度(0、60、120、180、240、300 kg？hm^？2)试验，观测了辣椒幼苗期、营养生长期、开花坐果期和成熟期植株的叶绿素含量、养分含量，统计了辣椒产量和品质等指标。主要结果如下：氮肥显著增加了各时期辣椒叶绿素含量；降低了辣椒红果与绿果的比例，不利于果实转色。不同氮肥用量下辣椒各部位氮、磷、钾含量无显著差异，但氮、磷、钾积累量随施氮量的增加而增加，240 kg？N？hm^？2处理下辣椒氮积累量最高。氮肥利用率和氮肥偏生产力随施氮量的增加而逐渐降低。施用240 kg？hm^？2氮的经济效益最高，为59679.5元？hm^？2，产投比为11.5。
To clarify the effect of different nitrogen application rates on pepper yield, quality, nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and economic profits, a field trial of different nitrogen application rates (0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 kg？hm^？2) was conducted in Linying county, Henan province. The study observed Chlorophyll content and nutrient content in pepper seedling stage, vegetative growth stage, flowering and fruiting stage and maturation stage, and measured the pepper yield, quality and some other index. The results showed that nitrogen rates markedly increased Chlorophyll content in pepper whole growth period and decreased the rates of red and green fruit, which is adverse to fruit color change. There was no significant difference in the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of pepper parts under different nitrogen fertilizer dosages, but the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased with increasing nitrogen application. The nitrogen accumulation of pepper was the highest under the 240 kg？N？hm^？2. The nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity gradually decreased with increasing nitrogen application. The economic profit of 240 kg？hm^？2 nitrogen was the highest, which was 59679.5 yuan？hm^？2, and the ratio of output to input was 11.5.