刑事缺席审判程序中被告人的权利保障
The Protection of the Defendant’s Rights in Criminal Trial in Absentia

缺席审判程序作为近年来刑事诉讼法中新增的特别程序，通过惩治无法出庭参与审判的犯罪分子，给予他们应当受到的法律制裁来保障国家司法程序的权威。同时，它在制度设计上又从各个方面积极保障被告人的诉讼权利，符合我国刑事诉讼惩罚犯罪和保障人权相结合的理念。但因为其理论本身的新颖性以及在我国缺乏足够的司法实践，在对被告人的权利保障方面还存在一些不足。本文以缺席审判程序为主要研究对象，着重探讨该项程序在被告人权利保障方面的缺陷，通过分析几个典型的普通法系和大陆法系国家的有关规定，在肯定缺席审判程序存在合理性的同时提出该制度在被告人权利保障方面仍然存在的问题和相应的改进措施。
As a special procedure newly added in the Criminal Procedure Law in recent years, the trial in absentia procedure protects the authority of the national judicial procedure by punishing criminals who cannot appear in court and giving them the legal sanctions they should receive. At the same time, it actively protects the defendant’s procedural rights from all aspects in the system design, which is in line with the concept of combining criminal proceedings to punish crimes and protect human rights. However, because of the novelty of its theory and the lack of sufficient judicial practice in our country, it still exists some disadvantages in the protection of the defendant’s rights. The article takes the trial in absentia procedure as the major research object, and focuses on the shortcomings of this procedure in the protection of the defendant’ rights. By analyzing the relevant provisions of several typical common law and civil law countries, put forward the problems that still exist in the protection of the rights of the defendant in the system and the corresponding improvement measures when admitting its rationality.