青海省9~14岁女童家长HPV认知及接种意愿影响因素分析
Analysis of Factors Influencing Parents’ Knowledge of HPV and Willingness to Vaccinate Girls Aged 9~14 Years in Qinghai Province

目的：了解青海省9至14岁女童家长对人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)及疫苗的认知情况，以及他们为女童接种HPV疫苗的意愿，深入分析影响接种意愿的因素，从而为提高青海省9至14岁女童的HPV疫苗接种率提供有价值的参考。方法：采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法，在青海省的4个市州，根据各学校的参与积极性，在每个市州选择一所小学，一所初中。再根据随机数字在4~6年级、7~8年级每个年级抽取2~3个班级。结果：本次调查共纳入青海省四个市州的835名家长。67.43%的家长知晓宫颈癌，47.54%知晓HPV，59.88%知晓HPV疫苗。女童HPV疫苗接种率为11.50%，3.95%的家长已为女儿预约，61.56%的家长有意愿但尚未预约，22.99%的家长不愿为女儿接种。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，果洛州接种意愿的OR (95% CI)值为1.940 (1.180~3.189)；听说过HPV (OR = 1.589, 95% CI: 1.005~2.511)、听说过HPV疫苗(OR = 1.945, 95% CI: 1.264~2.994)的家长为女儿接种HPV疫苗的意愿较高。结论：尽管知晓率较高，但HPV疫苗的接种率仍然偏低，尤其是在为女童接种方面。提升家长对HPV及其疫苗的认知，将显著提高他们的接种意愿。因此，加强对HPV疫苗的宣传和教育至关重要。
Objective: To understand the knowledge of parents of girls aged 9 to 14 years about human papillomavirus (HPV) and vaccine and their willingness to vaccinate their girls with HPV vaccine, and to analyze in depth the factors affecting the willingness to vaccinate, so as to provide valuable reference for improving the HPV vaccination rate of girls aged 9 to 14 years in Qinghai Province. Methods: A multi-stage whole cluster random sampling method was used to select one elementary school and one junior high school in each of the four municipalities and states of Qinghai Province, based on the active participation of each school. Then 2~3 classes were selected in each grade from grades 4~6 and grades 7~8 based on random numbers. Results: A total of 835 parents from four cities and states in Qinghai Province were included in this survey. 67.43% of parents were aware of cervical cancer, 47.54% were aware of HPV, and 59.88% were aware of the HPV vaccine. The HPV vaccination rate for girls was 11.50%, 3.95% of parents had made an appointment for their daughters, 61.56% were willing but had not yet made an appointment, and 22.99% were unwilling to vaccinate their daughters. The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that the OR (95% CI) value of willingness to vaccinate in Goa was 1.940 (1.180~3.189); having heard of HPV (OR = 1.589, 95% CI: 1.005~2.511), having heard of the HPV vaccine (OR = 1.945, 95% CI: 1.264~2.994) Parents had a higher willingness to vaccinate their daughters against HPV. Conclusion: Despite high awareness rates, HPV vaccination rates remain low, especially with regard to vaccinating their daughters. Enhancing parents’ knowledge of HPV and its vaccine will significantly increase their willingness to be vaccinated. Therefore, it is crucial to increase awareness and education about the HPV