二手车交易中经营者信息披露义务的司法认定——以范某购买二手车纠纷案为例
Judicial Determination of the Information Disclosure Obligation of the Business Operators in the Second-Hand Car Trading—Taking Fan’s Dispute over Buying Second-Hand Car as an Example

本文以法院生效判决案例为引，明确二手车交易中经营者信息披露义务以消费者人身安全优先保障、负面信息全面披露、平等保护为主要原则，并通过对消费者知情权保护予以补正。在司法实践中，经营者违反信息披露义务的民事赔偿范围不仅限于履行利益，还包含消费者的缔约机会损失。二手车经营者未履行信息披露义务的欺诈，应当考量与消费者“陷入错误认知因而作出错误意思表示”之间是否存在因果关系，并综合经营者的主观目的、行业惯例和交易习惯等因素加以判断，从消费者倾斜保护和利益平衡的角度谨慎适用惩罚性赔偿。
This paper takes the effective judgment of the court as an example to clarify the obligation of information disclosure of operators in second-hand car trading, with prioritizing the consumers’ personal safety, comprehensive disclosure of negative information, and equal protection as the main principles, and makes up for the protection of consumer’s right to know. In judicial practice, the scope of civil compensation for operators’ violation of information disclosure obligations not only includes performance benefits but also includes consumers’ loss of contractual opportunities. The fraud of second-hand car dealers for failure to fulfill the obligation of information disclosure shall be considered if there is a causal relationship with the consumers “falling into erroneous understanding and thus making erroneous expression of intent”, and shall be determined by taking into account the subjective purpose of the dealers, industry practices and transaction customs, etc. Punitive damages shall be applied cautiously from the perspective of consumer protection and interest balance.