学科德育的现实困境剖析与实践路径探索
The Realistic Dilemma and Practical Path of Subject-Based Moral Education

学科德育是学生在学科学习过程中，通过自我体悟或在教师引导下感悟，逐步内化生成的具有学科特质的道德与品质。中国特色社会主义教育事业的核心要义是“立德树人”，然而，学科德育在有效实施中面临许多困境，比如学科德育的价值尚未得到广泛认可、学科教师参与德育的程度急需提高等。因此，文章认为可从三条路径入手，即优化学科课程评价以彰显学科道德教育价值、完善教师教育机制以提高教师学科育德素养、依托学科知识注重课堂教学与课外活动融合，力求更好地实现“立德树人”的育人目标。
Subject-based moral education is the moral and quality development of students through self-reflection or guidance from teachers during their subject learning, which is gradually internalized and generated with the characteristics of the subject. The core of socialist education in China is “moral education and character cultivation”, however, subject-based moral education faces many challenges in effective implementation, such as the lack of widespread recognition of the moral education value of the subject and the urgent need to improve the involvement of subject teachers in moral education. Therefore, this paper believes that three approaches can be taken, namely, enhancing the evaluation of subject courses to highlight the moral education value of the subject, improving the mechanism of teacher education to enhance the moral education literacy of teachers, and relying on subject knowledge to integrate classroom teaching and extracurricular activities, in order to better achieve the goal of “moral education and character cultivation”.