The subject is the mass of the three dominant, equilibrium cosmological objects: the irregular galaxy (dwarf), the regular galaxy (Hubble’s “tuning fork”), and the galactic cluster. The standard ΛCDM theory and a DEH offer contrasting views on the origin of these masses. The latter suggests that they are relics of the early universe.
References
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Togeas, J. (2024) A Dark Energy Hypothesis II. Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation, and Cosmology, 10, 1142-1151. https://doi.org/10.4236/jhepgc.2024.103069
[2]
Cimatti, A., Fraternali, F. and Nipoti, C. (2022) Introduction to Galaxy Formation and Evolution. Cambridge University Press, Chs. 6-7.
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Ryden, B. (2017) Introduction to Cosmology. 2nd Edition, Cambridge University Press, p. 157.
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Narlikar, J.V. (1983) Introduction to Cosmology. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc., Ch. 6.
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Peebles, J.P.E. (2020) Cosmology’s Century. Princeton University Press, Ch. 5.
