|
|
Mine Engineering 2025
稠油催化水热裂解反应综述
|
Abstract:
稠油是一种高粘度、高含硫、高金属含量的原油，其资源丰富且分布广泛，是未来原油生产的重要补充来源之一。稠油的高效开发利用对能源安全和经济发展至关重要。然而，稠油的高黏度和复杂化学组成使其难以直接通过常规技术进行开采。催化水热裂解反应作为一种能够有效降低稠油黏度、提升其品质的技术，已成为近年来研究的热点。本文综述了稠油催化水热裂解反应的最新研究进展，包括催化剂的种类、反应机理、反应条件对产物分布的影响、反应器设计及工业应用前景，并对未来研究方向提出了建议。
Heavy oil is a kind of crude oil with high viscosity, high sulfur content and high metal content, which is rich in resources and widely distributed, and is one of the important supplementary sources of crude oil production in the future. The efficient exploitation and utilization of heavy oil is very important for energy security and economic development. However, the high viscosity and complex chemical composition of heavy oil make it difficult to directly recover by conventional technology. As a technology that can effectively reduce viscosity and improve the quality of heavy oil, catalytic hydrothermal cracking has become a research hotspot in recent years. In this paper, the latest research progress of catalytic hydrothermal cracking of heavy oil is reviewed, including the types of catalysts, reaction mechanism, the effect of reaction conditions on product distribution, reactor design and industrial application prospect, and future research directions are suggested.
| [1] | 宫臣兴, 李继红, 史毅. 稠油开采技术及展望[J]. 辽宁化工, 2018, 47(4): 327-329. |
| [2] | 刘海, 潘一, 冷俊. 国内外火烧油层研究进展与应用[J]. 当代化工, 2015, 44(3): 545-547. |
| [3] | 吴一尘. 国内外火烧油层研究进展与应用探析[J]. 化工管理, 2018(14): 247. |
| [4] | 赵小盈, 陈玉坤, 臧芸蕾, 等. 稠油原位水热裂解降黏的研究进展[J]. 化工技术与开发, 2021, 50(6): 30-35. |
| [5] | Clark, P.D., Hyne, J.B. and David Tyrer, J. (1984) Some Chemistry of Organosulphur Compound Types Occurring in Heavy Oil Sands. Fuel, 63, 125-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(84)90266-7 |
| [6] | Clark, P.D., Dowling, N.I., Hyne, J.B. and Lesage, K.L. (1987) The Chemistry of Organosulphur Compound Types Occurring in Heavy Oils. Fuel, 66, 1353-1357. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(87)90181-5 |
| [7] | Clark, P.D. and Hyne, J.B. (1990) Studies on the Chemical Reactions of Heavy Oils under Steam Stimulation Condition. AOSTRA Journal of Research, 29, 29-39. |
| [8] | Rivas, O.R., Campos, R.E. and Borges, L.G. (1988) Experimental Evaluation of Transition Metals Salt Solutions as Additives in Steam Recovery Processes. Proceedings of SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, 2-5 October 1988, Article No. SPE-18076-MS. https://doi.org/10.2523/18076-ms |
| [9] | Clark, P.D. and Kirk, M.J. (1994) Studies on the Upgrading of Bituminous Oils with Water and Transition Metal Catalysts. Energy & Fuels, 8, 380-387. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00044a014 |
| [10] | Dutta, R.P., McCaffrey, W.C., Gray, M.R. and Muehlenbachs, K. (2000) Thermal Cracking of Athabasca Bitumen: Influence of Steam on Reaction Chemistry. Energy & Fuels, 14, 671-676. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef990223e |
| [11] | 刘观军, 张强, 王成胜, 等. 油溶性催化剂PAS-Zn的制备及性能研究[J]. 石油化工应用, 2021, 40(8): 103-107. |
| [12] | 曹畅, 刘磊, 马新军, 等. 塔河稠油催化改质研究[J]. 精细石油化工, 2023, 40(1): 13-16. |
| [13] | 张洁, 李小龙, 陈刚, 等. 水溶性配合物催化的稠油低温热裂解研究[J]. 燃料化学学报, 2014, 42(4): 443-448. |
| [14] | 王舜. 负载Rh的双亲纳米ZSM-5的合成及其绿色催化硝基芳烃的研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2022. |
| [15] | 吴川. 双亲型稠油水热裂解降粘催化剂的合成及反应机理研究[D]: [博士学位论文]. 北京: 中国石油大学, 2011. |
| [16] | Zhao, D.W., Wang, J.J. and Gates, I.D. (2015) An Evaluation of Enhanced Oil Recovery Strategies for a Heavy Oil Reservoir after Cold Production with Sand. International Journal of Energy Research, 39, 1355-1365. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3337 |
| [17] | Shokrlu, Y.H. and Babadagli, T. (2014) Viscosity Reduction of Heavy Oil/Bitumen Using Micro and Nano-Metal Particles during Aqueous and Non-Aqueous Thermal Applications. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 119, 210-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2014.05.012 |
| [18] | Ovalles, C., Filgueiras, E., Morales, A., Scott, C.E., Gonzalez-Gimenez, F. and Pierre Embaid, B. (2003) Use of a Dispersed Iron Catalyst for Upgrading Extra-Heavy Crude Oil Using Methane as Source of Hydrogen. Fuel, 82, 887-892. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-2361(02)00406-4 |
| [19] | Li, W., Zhu, J. and Qi, J. (2007) Application of Nano-Nickel Catalyst in the Viscosity Reduction of Liaohe Extra-Heavy Oil by Aqua-Thermolysis. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 35, 176-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1872-5813(07)60016-4 |
| [20] | Alkhaldi, S. and Husein, M.M. (2013) Hydrocracking of Heavy Oil by Means of in Situ Prepared Ultradispersed Nickel Nanocatalyst. Energy & Fuels, 28, 643-649. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef401751s |
| [21] | Nassar, N.N. and Husein, M.M. (2010) Ultradispersed Particles in Heavy Oil: Part I, Preparation and Stabilization of Iron Oxide/Hydroxide. Fuel Processing Technology, 91, 164-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.09.007 |
| [22] | Ovalles, C., Rivero, V. and Salazar, A. (2015) Downhole Upgrading of Orinoco Basin Extra-Heavy Crude Oil Using Hydrogen Donors under Steam Injection Conditions. Effect of the Presence of Iron Nanocatalysts. Catalysts, 5, 286-297. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal5010286 |
| [23] | Badoga, S., Ganesan, A., Dalai, A.K. and Chand, S. (2017) Effect of Synthesis Technique on the Activity of Conimo Tri-Metallic Catalyst for Hydrotreating of Heavy Gas Oil. Catalysis Today, 291, 160-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2017.01.005 |
