The aim of this study was to characterize the esteem and aggressive behaviors among Congolese practitioners of team sports during the semi-final and final matches of the national championship according to gender, competitive stakes, and type of sport. A total of 168 players (80 footballers, 48 handballers, and 40 basketball players) participated in the study. These subjects were surveyed during the semi-final and final matches of the national championships, 2022-2023 sports season, in the men’s and women’s versions, organized by the sports federations concerned. Aggression was measured using the Buss and Perry Questionnaire (2001), composed of 20 items assessed according to a 9-point Likert-type scale. The self-esteem assessment was based on the 25-item questionnaire by Ninot et al., comprising two parts: physical self-esteem and global self-esteem. A significant gender effect was found for global self-esteem during the semi-finals and finals, with greater emphasis during the finals. We also found a significant “type of sport” effect and the “sex × type of sport” interaction. Handball players were characterized by a high level of global self-esteem (p < 0.001). Regarding physical esteem, a significant “sex” effect was also found, but more pronounced in the finals. As for hostility, the “sex” effect was lessened during the final matches. Finally, negative correlations were found between the level of self-esteem and aggressive behaviors. Our study thus provides data on the effect of gender and team sport on self-esteem and aggressive behavior among Congolese basketball, football, and handball players.
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