乌鲁木齐机场一次雷暴天气过程成因分析
Analysis of the Causes of a Thunderstorm Weather Process at Urumqi Airport

利用常规气象观测资料、雷达资料、FNL0.25？ × 0.25？再分析资料，诊断分析2024年6月3日乌鲁木齐机场雷雨天气的天气背景、不稳定能量、水汽条件、触发机制。结果表明：此次强对流天气是在西西伯利亚低涡底部分裂短波东移影响新疆的大环流背景下，具备雷暴发生的三要素：热力不稳定条件：北疆西部、天山山区、北疆沿天山一带为CAPE值和K指数大值区大气具有热力不稳定层结；水汽条件：偏西路径的水汽输送为区域降水提供了充足的水汽，水汽在机场终端区内偏西区域辐合为短时强降水提供了条件；雷暴触发机制：低层切变辐合、地面中尺度辐合线为雷暴的发生提供了动力触发条件。
The paper used conventional meteorological observation data, radar data, and FNL0.25？ × 0.25？ reanalysis data, to diagnose and analyze the weather background, unstable energy, water vapor conditions, and triggering mechanism of the thunderstorm weather at Urumqi Airport on June 3, 2024. The results indicate that this severe convective weather occurred against the backdrop of a large circulation in Xinjiang affected by the splitting of short waves at the bottom of the West Siberian Vortex. There are three elements for thunderstorm occurrence: thermal instability conditions: the atmosphere in the western part of northern Xinjiang, the Tianshan Mountains, and the area along the Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang has a thermal instability layer with high CAPE and K index values; water vapor conditions: The water vapor transport along the westward path provides sufficient water vapor for regional precipitation, and the convergence of water vapor in the westward region of the airport terminal area provides conditions for short-term heavy precipitation; thunderstorm triggering mechanism: Low level shear convergence and ground mesoscale convergence lines provide dynamic triggering conditions for the occurrence of thunderstorms.