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社会互动对前瞻记忆的影响述评
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Abstract:
前瞻性记忆(Prospective memory, PM)是人们日常生活中执行计划和完成任务的关键能力，它不仅关系到个人的记忆功能，还与社会交往紧密相关。文章以两个维度为切入点，深入探讨了社会合作对前瞻记忆表现的影响，特别是团体规模、合作者身份和社会关系在其中所起的作用；及社会重要性和亲社会动机对前瞻记忆的跨年龄影响及其潜在机制，强调了在PM研究中考虑社会互动的重要性。通过梳理上述的研究，我们可以更好地理解在自然社会互动中前瞻记忆是如何运作的，以及如何通过社会关系、社会重要性和亲社会动机来改善PM能力，这可以为设计有效的干预措施提供启发。此外，为了提高PM研究的生态效度，文章建议未来的研究应更多地还原PM任务的真实社会环境，弥补现有研究中对社会影响考虑的不足。
Prospective memory (PM) is a key ability for people to carry out plans and complete tasks in their daily lives. It is not only related to individual memory functions but also closely associated with social interactions. This article delves into the impact of social cooperation on prospective memory performance from two dimensions: the dimension of social collaboration, which includes the role of group size, collaborator identity, and social relationships; and the dimension of social importance and prosocial motivation, which involves the cross-age impact of prosocial motivation on prospective memory and its potential mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of considering social interactions in PM research. By reviewing the previous research, we can better understand how prospective memory operates in natural social interactions and how to improve PM ability through social relationships, social importance and prosocial motivation, which can inspire the design of effective intervention measures. Furthermore, to enhance the ecological validity of PM research, the article suggests that future studies should more fully reproduce the real social environment of PM tasks, to bridge the gap in existing research regarding the consideration of social influences.
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