基于PACTE的《老人与海》汉译赏析——以余光中2010译本为例
PACTE-Based Appreciation and Analysis on E-C Translation of The Old Man and the Sea—A Case of Yu Guangzhong’s 2010 Version

美国小说家海明威的代表作《老人与海》内容简明、语言表达流畅，蕴藏着丰富的文化内涵，讲述了老人出海捕鱼的故事，颂扬了人的进取精神、斗争精神，深受国内外读者的喜爱。《老人与海》自1952年出版以来，被译成多个汉语译本，在国内学者中掀起了对其译本对比的热潮。就文学翻译而言，将一种语言的文学类作品翻译成另一种语言，译文除了要传达出思维内容，表达出原文的风格特色至关重要。本文基于PACTE模型下的文学翻译能力模式，选取《老人与海》余光中2010译本实例，将译文进行改译以进行比较分析。同时，笔者将借助句子英汉转换程序，对余光中译本的翻译风格、用语讲究、衔接手段等作出客观评价，论述其给文学翻译带来的启示。
The well-known American novelist Earnest Hemingway’s masterpiece, The Old Man and the Sea, recounts the story of an old fisherman at sea. Written with concise content, a fluent language and rich cultural connotations, the novel highlights the enterprising and struggling spirit of human beings and has taken domestic and international readers by storm. Since its publication in 1952, it has been translated into a number of Chinese texts, creating a frenzy among domestic scholars to compare and contrast their corresponding versions. In terms of literary translation, when a literary work is translated from one language into another, it is of great necessity to ensure that the translation not only conveys the idea but expresses the style and characteristics of the original text. Generally, on a basis of the literary translation competence model guided by PACTE (Process in the Acquisition of Translation Competence and Evaluation), Yu Guangzhong’s 2010 version of The Old Man and the Sea is hence specially selected for further comparative analysis in this paper. In the meantime, an objective evaluation of Yu’s translation style, phrasings and coherence techniques will be made under the guidance of the English-Chinese translation procedure at sentence level. In a word, this paper is expected to provide some insights to literary translation.