Once nearly fatal, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has become a well-managed chronic disease for most patients thanks to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The improvement in treatment response with TKIs has introduced a new challenge in managing CML, as with most chronic diseases: therapeutic adherence. This study was conducted to evaluate the determinants of therapeutic adherence among patients. It was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted from March 1, 2024, to June 1, 2024, in the hematology department of the CHU Campus. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Treatment adherence was assessed using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. The study included 63 patients. The mean age was 45.15 ± 15.95 years (range: 9 - 81 years), and the sex ratio was 1.73. Nineteen patients (30.17%) were highly adherent, 29 (46.03%) were moderately adherent, and 15 (23.80%) were poorly adherent. Factors increasing the likelihood of high adherence included older age, family support, and satisfaction with the information provided by the physician about CML. Patients who experienced side effects were more likely to be non-adherent compared to those who did not have side effects. Proximity to the hospital, educational and socioeconomic status, medication formulation, and dosage were not significantly associated with low adherence. Ultimately, our study revealed low therapeutic adherence among our patients, and this suggests two main areas for improvement to enhance treatment adherence: a focus on therapeutic education with clear and understandable information, and optimal management of side effects.
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