Spermiological Profile and Factors Associated with Male Infertility at the Laboratory of Histo-Embryology, Cytogenetics and Cellular Pathology “Pr Ag Moumouni Hassane” of Niamey: About 1000 Cases
Background: According to the World Health Organization, the worldwide prevalence of infertility is 17.5%. The male share of responsibility is undeniable. Several factors, such as smoking, alcoholism, obesity and environmental pollution are sources of infertility in men. The aim of this study was to determine the spermological profile of infertile men and the factors associated with sperm parameter abnormalities. Methods: This retrospective study analysed 1000 sperm samples over an 11-year period, from January 2010 to December 2021. Results: The average age was 37.52 ± 8.66 years. Surgical history of varicocele and teratozoospermia were associated (p-value = 0.0001). Candida albicans was associated with a 2.27-fold risk of necrozoospermia and a 3.14-fold risk of oligozoospermia. The link between the reason for requesting a spermogram and the age range between 38 and 47 was significant (p-value < 0.001). Occupation and azoospermia were related (p-value < 0.001), as were occupation and oligozoospermia (p-value = 0.0002). Occupation was significantly associated with teratozoospermia (p-value = 0.0125). Age was associated with hypospermia (p-value = 0.0257) and oligozoospermia (p-value = 0.0293). Age was significantly associated with pH (p-value = 0.0166). Patients with alcoholism had a 2.31-fold risk of developing agglutination (p-value = 0.0195). Smoking was correlated with teratozoospermia (p-value = 0.0114), with a 1.66-fold risk. Coffee consumption was associated with teratozoospermia (p-value < 0.001), with a 6.75-fold risk. Conclusion: Today, lifestyle and environmental pollution play a major role in sperm parameter abnormalities.
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