Introduction: Pain management in pediatric patients is a critical aspect of healthcare delivery, yet it remains a significant challenge globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Zambia. Aim: To evaluate the practices of pediatric pain management among nursing students at Gateway to Better Living and Monze College of Nursing in Zambia, identifying associated factors and areas for improvement. Design and Methods: A quantitative analytical cross-sectional design was used. A sample of 197 students was selected using a stratified proportional simple random method from the two schools. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire using validated scales extracted from the Pediatric Nurse’s Knowledge and Attitude Survey. The collected data were entered into SPSS version 27 for analysis of descriptive and inferential statistics. The Chi-square, and binary logistic regression tests were employed to statistically analyse the data. A confidence interval of 95% with a significance level of 5% was set. Results: Analysis of pediatric pain management practices among 197 nursing students revealed a mixed picture. While adherence to institutional policies and supportive measures was high, areas for improvement were identified in the utilization of pain assessment tools and reassessment post-medication. Attitudes were generally favorable, with 62.4% exhibiting positive attitudes. However, knowledge levels varied, with 63.5% deemed to have adequate knowledge. Chi-square tests indicated significant associations between practices and knowledge levels (p < 0.001) and year of study (p = 0.047). Logistic regression highlighted the significant impact of knowledge (p < 0.001) and attitude (p = 0.017) on practice, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to improve pediatric pain management practices among nursing students. Conclusion andRecommendations: The study underscores the importance of addressing gaps in pediatric pain management among nursing students in Zambia. Recommendations include curriculum revisions, interdisciplinary training, and policy advocacy to bridge these gaps. Targeted interventions are essential to enhance pediatric pain management practices and ensure holistic care for pediatric patients.
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