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压力诱导性进食的神经和生理机制
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Abstract:
压力被视为进食障碍发展的重要风险因素，常表现为过度进食或暴饮暴食，属于情绪性进食。压力诱导性进食的神经和生理机制涉及多个理论模型，其中包括个体差异模型和基于奖赏的压力进食模型，揭示了压力对不同人群饮食行为的差异化影响。常见的实验诱导方法如特里尔社会压力测试和冷压测试，能够有效诱发压力反应，并通过测量生理和心理效应评估进食行为的变化。压力通过改变奖赏系统和执行功能，影响进食中的自我控制和决策能力，尤其在面对高热量食物时，这种影响更加显著。进一步的研究有助于揭示压力、激素与大脑功能的相互作用，为制定更有效的干预措施提供重要理论支持。
Stress is considered a significant risk factor in the development of eating disorders, often manifesting as overeating or binge eating, which falls under the category of emotional eating. The neural and physiological mechanisms underlying stress-induced eating involve several theoretical models, including the individual-difference model and the reward-based stress-eating model, which elucidate the differential effects of stress on eating behaviors across various populations. Common experimental paradigms, such as the Trier Social Stress Test and the Cold Pressor Test, effectively induce stress responses and allow for the assessment of changes in eating behavior through physiological and psychological measurements. Stress alters reward systems and executive functions, impacting self-control and decision-making during eating, particularly when high-calorie foods are involved. Further research is necessary to explore the interactions between stress, hormones, and brain function, providing critical theoretical foundations for the development of more effective interventions.
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