集束化护理在ICU患者谵妄预防中的应用效果
Application Effect of Cluster Nursing in Prevention of Delirium in ICU Patients

目的：探讨集束化护理在ICU患者谵妄预防中的应用效果，以降低谵妄发生率并改善患者预后。方法：采用随机对照研究设计，将90名ICU患者随机分为观察组和对照组，每组45名。观察组在标准ICU护理基础上实施集束化护理干预，包括定期评估与监测、非药物干预、疼痛管理、早期运动干预、睡眠环境优化、多学科协作和家属参与。对照组接受ICU常规护理。结果：观察组谵妄发生率为42.22%，低于对照组的53.33% (P < 0.01)。观察组出ICU时认知功能评分较入ICU时有显著提高(P < 0.001)，而对照组变化不显著(P = 0.039)。两组患者不良事件发生率无显著差异。结论：集束化护理能有效降低ICU患者谵妄发生率，改善认知功能，对其他并发症无不良影响。
Objective: To investigate the effect of cluster nursing in the prevention of delirium in ICU, in order to reduce the incidence of delirium and improve the prognosis of patients. Methods: A randomized controlled study design was used to randomly divide 90 ICU patients into observation group and control group, 45 in each group. The observation group received intensive care interventions based on standard ICU care, including regular assessment and monitoring, non-drug intervention, pain management, early exercise intervention, sleep environment optimization, multidisciplinary colla- boration, and family involvement. The control group received ICU routine care. Results: The incidence of delirium in observation group was 42.22%, which was lower than that in control group (53.33%) (P < 0.01). The cognitive function score of the observation group was significantly improved after leaving ICU (P < 0.001), while that of the control group was not significantly changed (P = 0.039). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups. Conclusion: Cluster nursing can effectively reduce the incidence of delirium in ICU patients, improve cognitive function, and have no adverse effects on other complications.