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几类曲壁蜂窝结构的关联机制及力学特性
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Abstract:
近年来蜂窝结构因其独特的力学性能引起了众多研究者的兴趣，蜂窝结构在航空航天、车辆和工程防护等领域具有非常广阔的应用前景。蜂窝胞元为直壁时，受力容易出现应力集中，而曲壁蜂窝可以有效地缓解应力集中问题。文章研究了四种曲壁蜂窝结构，即圆形孔蜂窝、椭圆形孔蜂窝、花生形孔蜂窝以及四手性蜂窝的内在关联。揭示了此类蜂窝结构的能量吸收机制，部分能量是通过蜂窝胞元旋转吸收的，而且胞元旋转产生了负泊松比。得出椭圆形孔蜂窝、花生形孔蜂窝以及四手性蜂窝这三类结构可以通过调节蜂窝胞元的几何参数实现相互转化。通过理论推导计算出四手性蜂窝的等效力学参数并与有限元进行对比以验证其正确性。3D打印试验模型、有限元模型的计算结果和文献进行了对比，在此基础上研究了这几类蜂窝结构的力学特性，包括力–位移曲线、泊松比和杨氏模量等。比较了三种曲壁蜂窝结构分别在相同孔隙率下和蜂窝壁厚最小处相同时的力学特性。文章所获得结果将为曲壁蜂窝结构的轻量化设计和在工程领域的广泛应用提供理论依据。
In recent years, honeycomb structures have attracted the interest of many researchers due to their unique mechanical properties and have very broad application prospects in aerospace, vehicle, and engineering protection fields. The straight-walled honeycomb is prone to stress concentration after being stressed, while curved walled honeycomb can effectively alleviate the problem of stress concentration. In this paper, the intrinsic correlation mechanism of four curved wall honeycomb structures, namely circular hole honeycomb, oval hole honeycomb, peanut-shaped hole honeycomb, and four-chiral honeycomb, is studied. The energy absorption mechanism of these honeycomb structures is revealed. Namely, part of the energy is absorbed by the rotation of the honeycomb cell, and the rotation of the cell produces a negative Poisson’s ratio simultaneously. It is concluded that three types of structures, namely elliptical pore honeycomb, peanut-shaped pore honeycomb, and tetra-chiral honeycomb, can be transformed into each other by adjusting the geometric parameters of cellular cells. The equivalent mechanical parameters of the four-chiral honeycomb are proposed and compared with the finite element to verify their accuracy. The calculation results of the 3D printing test model and the finite element model are compared with the literature. The mechanical properties of these honeycombs, including force-displacement curves, Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus, are studied. The mechanical properties of the three curved-walled honeycomb structures are compared under the same porosity and at the same minimum honeycomb wall thickness, respectively. The results obtained in this paper will provide a theoretical basis for the lightweight design and wide application of curved honeycomb structures in the engineering field.
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