Diversion of the Upper Urinary Tract by A Double J Catheter: Indications and Results in A Retrospective Study from the Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital in Conakry (Guinea): About 45 Cases

Introduction: In the presence of renal cavities dilatation with or without renal insufficiency, or in the presence of a risk of extrinsic or intrinsic occlusion of the ureteral lumen, the JJ catheter constitutes a minimally invasive alternative for the diversion of the upper urinary tract. The aim of this work was to report the indications and results of the diversion of the upper urinary tract by JJ catheter in our department. Materials and Methods: Retrospective descriptive study with analytical and monocentric aim concerning the diversion of the upper urinary tract by a JJ catheter from the hospitalization records of our department from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023 at the Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital. Results: We identified 45 cases of obstructive renal failure. The incidence of obstructive renal failure was 22.5 cases/year. The most common reason for consultation was lower back pain. Physical examination was normal in all patients. Preoperative creatinine was high in all our patients. Ultrasound revealed dilatation of the upper urinary tract in all patients. The surgical indications were dominated by obstructive ureteral stones in 24% of cases, followed by ureteropelvic junction syndrome in 22% of cases. Management consisted of drainage of the upper urinary tract by endoscopic insertion of a JJ catheter. The etiologies were dominated by ureteral stenosis (64.29%), followed by compression of the ureter by the pregnant uterus (14.29%). The evolution was favorable in all our patients with a normalization of creatinine level on post-operative day 2. Conclusion: The placement of ureteral stents has become a common procedure in the management of various obstructive pathological processes of the urinary tract.