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膜性肾病相关抗原的研究进展
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Abstract:
膜性肾病(MN)是引起肾病综合征的众多肾小球疾病之一，也是成人肾病综合征的第二大常见原因。2009年Beck等人发现的抗磷脂酶A2受体(PLA2R)目前应用于MN的诊断以及疗效、预后的评估当中，如今PLA2R的检测在世界范围内广泛应用，众多MN病人因此获益，随后大量的研究陆续报导了其他MN相关靶抗原，包括THSD7A、NELL1、EXT1/EXT2、SEMA3B、NCAM1、PCDH7、HTRA1、TGFBR3、CNTN1、FAT1、NDNF、PSCK6，这些抗原都有其独特的临床意义，对新型抗原的不断探索也让传统的MN的分类标准逐渐成为过去式，本文将对MN相关抗原的临床意义、研究进展以及新抗原的发现对MN的分类所产生的影响展开综述。
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is one of the many glomerular diseases that cause nephrotic syndrome and is the second most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R), discovered by Beck et al. in 2009, is currently used in the diagnosis of MN and the evaluation of curative effect and prognosis. Nowadays, the detection of PLA2R is widely used in the world, and many MN patients benefit from it. Subsequently, numerous studies have consecutively reported other target antigens associated with MN, these include THSD7A, NELL1, EXT1/EXT2, SEMA3B, NCAM1, PCDH7, HTRA1, TGFBR3, CNTN1, FAT1, NDNF, and PSCK6, all of which have unique clinical significance. The continuous exploration of new antigens has also made the traditional classification criteria of MN gradually become a past. This article will review the clinical significance and research progress of MN related antigens and the impact of the discovery of new antigens on the classification of MN.
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