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芳烃的氰甲基化反应
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Abstract:
腈类基团是一类广泛存在于一些具有药理学作用的化合物和一些天然产物中的重要官能团。芳基乙腈更是可以作为一些具有生物活性分子的起始原料，而且氰基可以很容易地转化为各种其他官能团，比如胺、酸、酰胺等。芳基乙腈本身也可以作为某些杂环结构的构建单元。本文将对这类官能团的合成，即芳烃的氰甲基化进行总结和分析。通过文献调研发现，目前这类反应主要通过金属催化实现。
Nitrile groups are a kind of important functional groups widely existing in some compounds with pharmacological effects and some natural products. Aryl acetonitrile can be used as a starting material for some biologically active molecules, and the cyanide group can be easily converted into various other functional groups, such as amines, acids, amides, etc. Aryl acetonitrile itself can also be used as a building block for some heterocyclic structures. In this paper, the synthesis of these functional groups, that is, the cyanomethylation of aromatics, will be summarized and analyzed. Through the literature research, at present, this kind of reaction is mainly achieved by metal catalysis.
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