传统村落宅基地有偿退出的农户意愿及影响因素研究
Study on Farmers’ Willingness and Influencing Factors of Paid Withdrawal from Traditional Village Residential Land

近年来，传统村落宅基地退出这一问题备受关注，农户作为退出过程中极具重要的主体，对其退出起着至关重要的作用，而当前退出过程中出现了忽视农户的权益、违背农户意愿等问题,严重影响了退出意愿,进而影响了整个传统村落的保护和开发的质量和效果。因此，本文以二元logistic回归模型为依据，采用问卷法，对矮寨镇各农户的退出意愿进行了问卷调查，并对其有关资料进行了分析，并对其退出意向及其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明：(1) 不同的因素作用的强度和方向是有差异的；(2) 农户个体及家庭特征中的年龄、是否从事非农职业、收入来源；宅基地特征中的宅基地面积、是否闲置、居住时间、装修状况；生活满意度中的交通状况满意度；主观认知中的农户归属依恋和购置新房资金；周围人群中的村干部建议都对农户退出意愿存在显著影响，且部分显著影响因素存在负向作用；(3) 性别、受教育程度等因素的作用强度较小。基于调查结果退出过程中我们要充分考虑农户自身需要以及农户意愿。
In recent years, the withdrawal of traditional village residential land has attracted much attention. As a very important subject in the exit process, farmers play a vital role in their exit. At present, there are some problems in the exit process, such as ignoring farmers’ rights and interests and violating farmers’ wishes, which seriously affect the exit intention, and then affect the quality and effect of the protection and development of the whole traditional village. Therefore, based on the analysis of binary logistic regression model, this paper obtains the data and relevant information affecting farmers’ exit intention in Aizhai town in the form of questionnaire survey, and then analyzes farmers’ exit intention and influencing factors. The results show that: (1) The intensity and direction of different factors are different; (2) The age of individual farmers and family characteristics, whether they are engaged in non-agricultural occupations and income sources; The area of residential land, whether it is idle, living time and decoration status in the characteristics of residential land; Traffic condition satisfaction in life satisfaction; Subjective cognition of farmers’ attachment to ownership and funds for purchasing new houses; The suggestions of village cadres in the surrounding population have a significant impact on Farmers’ exit intention, and some significant influencing factors have a negative effect; (3) Gender, education level and other factors have less intensity. Based on the survey results, we should fully consider the needs and wishes of farmers in the withdrawal process.