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miRNA对骨肉瘤细胞相关靶向因子的调控
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Abstract:
骨肉瘤(Osteosarcoma, OS)是一种起源于成骨细胞间充质细胞的肉瘤，最常见于15~19岁的儿童和青少年。目前的治疗策略包括化疗联合积极手术切除，已经显著提高骨肉瘤患者的生存率。但复发率仍为30%~40%，因肺转移10年生存率为20%~30%。化疗是治疗骨肉瘤最有效的方法之一。然而，这些化疗药物由于获得耐药性和高剂量严重副作用而受到限制。近年来，微小RNA (MicroRNA, miRNA)分子作为恶性肿瘤的诊断和评估预后的重要组成部分，它们不但在真核基因表达调控中有着广泛的作用，而且还通过调控靶向因子对骨肉瘤细胞产生不同的影响，这也成为了探索骨肉瘤发生机制以及治疗策略的新思路。因此，本文就近年来几种常见miRNA的调控因子对骨肉瘤细胞所产生的影响进行总结，挖掘其在未来骨肿瘤疾病防治中的潜在价值。
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a kind of sarcoma originating from osteoblast mesenchymal cells, which is most common in children and adolescents aged 15~19. Current treatment strategies, including chemotherapy combined with active surgical resection, have significantly improved the survival rate of osteosarcoma patients. But the recurrence rate is still 30%~40%, and the 10-year survival rate due to lung metastasis is 20%~30%. Chemotherapy is the most effective method to treat cancer and osteosarcoma. However, these chemotherapy drugs are limited by acquiring drug resistance and high dose of serious side effects. In recent years, MicroRNA (miRNA) molecules, as an important part of the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of malignant tumors, not only play a wide role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression, but also have different effects on osteosarcoma cells by regulating targeting factors, which has become a new idea to explore the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of osteosarcoma. Therefore, this paper summarizes the effects of several common miRNA regulatory factors on osteosarcoma cells in recent years, and explores their potential value in the prevention and treatment of bone tumor diseases in the future.
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