一种对复杂施工环境下的全站仪避障观测手段
An Observation Method for Total Station Obstacle Avoidance in Complex Construction Environment

全站仪作为现代测量领域的核心工具之一，在精度需求较高、信号条件不良(树林、高层建筑周边及遮蔽建筑下等)的工程测量中存在不可替代的作用，但由于全站仪测量的原理是基于激光测距技术进行的直线测量，在仪器架设位置与目标点间存在障碍的情况下无法有效测量目标点，传统解决方式为更改仪器位置，但在障碍物较多时频繁更换仪器位置在浪费时间的同时也会由于频繁地重新设站产生误差。文章主要论述一种在不移动仪器的情况下，通过设置中继观测棱镜来避开障碍物间接观测目标点的测量技术，节省观测时间成本。
As one of the core tools in the field of modern measurement, the total station has an irreplaceable role in the engineering measurement with high accuracy requirements and poor signal conditions (forests, high-rise buildings, sheltered buildings, etc.), but because the principle of total station measurement is based on laser ranging technology, the target point cannot be effectively measured when there is an obstacle between the instrument erection position and the target point, and the traditional solution is to change the position of the instrument. However, when there are many obstacles, frequently changing the position of the instrument will waste time and cause errors due to frequent re-setting of the station. This paper mainly discusses a measurement technology that can avoid obstacles and indirectly observe the target point by setting up a relay observation prism without moving the instrument so as to save the observation time and cost.