Evaluation of the Antimicrobial and Anti-Free Radical Scavenging Properties and Phytochemical Analysis of Hydroethanolic Extract of Phyllanthus muellerianus (Kuntze) Exell
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and antiradical properties of extracts from the leaves, stems and roots of Phyllanthus muellerianus, a plant used in traditional Togolese medicine. Agar well-diffusion and broth microdilution methods were used to assess the antimicrobial potential of hydroethanolic extracts from plant organs. Phytochemical compounds, total phenol and condensed tannin content, and free radical scavenging activity were determined in the three extracts. The results of the antimicrobial tests showed that the extract of P. muellerianus leaves was the most active on Staphylococcus strains, with inhibition diameters of 17 to 23 mm and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of between 2.5 and 10 mg/mL. Tannins, saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids were found in all extracts. The P. muellerianus leaf extract has 4.23 ± 0.25 mgAGE/g of total phenols, the stem extract has 2.96 ± 0.05 mgCE/g of condensed tannins and the root extract expressed a higher antiradical compounds content (0.125 ± 0.003 mgAAE/g). The results of this study demonstrate the antimicrobial and free radical scavenging potential of the plant and contribute to justify its use in traditional medicine.
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