Study of the Impacts Caused by Anthropogenic Activities over the Last Ten Years on the Djoliba River in the Urban Commune of Kouroussa (Republic of Guinea)

Water is at the heart of sustainable development, socio-economics, the survival of ecosystems and humanity as a whole; it is therefore vital that mankind takes care of its quality. The aim of this study is to assess the level and causes of water degradation and pollution in the Djoliba River in the commune of Kouroussa (Republic of Guinea) over the past ten years, from 2014 to 2024. To do this, observations, surveys and physico-chemical analyses were used to collect certain data. Several anthropogenic activities were carried out, including extensive agro-pastoral activities, artisanal mining, brick-making and cooking. The alarming finding is the presence of open savannah (37.45%), followed by anarchic housing construction (27.03%), extensive agro-pastoral activities (18.91%), etc. Granulometric and chemical analysis revealed that the soil of the riverbank has a sandy-silty, acidic texture, with high levels of phosphorus pentoxide and especially potassium monoxide at the two sampling sites Pont E 5 and Briqueterie PE 5: (25.10%; 18.20) and (90.22 and 104.50%) respectively, which are sources of chemical pollution, and the presence of other chemical elements and parameters such as organic matter, organic carbon, available nitrogen, total nitrogen, carbon-nitrogen ratio, sum of bases, cation exchange capacity.