目的论下中医术语翻译探究
Study on the Translation of TCM Terms under Skopos Theory

改革开放以来，中国对外开放水平不断提高，中外交流日益增长。中医作为中国优秀传统文化，越来越受到国际关注，尤其是亚运会期间拔罐、推拿等中医技术的火爆，让更多国际友人感受到中医的魅力。中医术语毫无疑问是国际友人学习交流中医知识基础内容之一，但是中西文化存在的巨大差异在翻译过程中也日益凸显。本文研究了三原则之下的中医术语翻译以及翻译方法。中医术语翻译过程中，当一些术语概念用直译、意译等方法均难达意时，可采用音译；当目的语与源语言存在巨大的文化差异时，可采用增译；当译文强调保持原文结构风格时采用直译；当强调达到译文与原文的内容相符和主要语言功能相似的目的时，可采用意译；当以上译法都不能达到翻译目的时，可以选择音译加直译。
Since the reform and opening up, China has been opening up to the outside world at a higher level and its exchanges with other countries have been growing. As an important part of excellent traditional Chinese culture, traditional Chinese medicine has attracted more and more foreigners, especially the popularity of traditional Chinese medicine techniques such as cupping and massage during the Asian Games, which makes more international friends feel the charm of traditional Chinese medicine. TCM terminology is undoubtedly one of the basic contents for international friends to learn and exchange TCM knowledge, but the huge differences between Chinese and Western cultures have become increasingly prominent in the translation process. This paper studies the translation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) terminology and translation methods under three principles. In the process of TCM term translation, transliteration can be used when some term concepts are difficult to be understood by literal translation or free translation. When there are great cultural differences between the target language and the source language, additional translation can be used. When the translation emphasizes maintaining the original structure and style, literal translation is adopted. Free translation can be used when the target text is consistent with the original content and the main language function is similar. When the above translation methods cannot achieve the translation purpose, you can choose transliteration and literal translation.