宁波机场一次典型高架雷暴过程分析
Analysis of a Typical Elevated Thunderstorm Process at Ningbo Airport

利用宁波机场地面气象观测资料和NCEP/FNL 1？ × 1？再分析资料对2024年2月21~22日宁波机场出现的一次强对流天气过程进行分析，结果表明：此次过程是一次典型的高架雷暴，发生在地面冷锋后部。近地层大气层结稳定，低层有一明显逆温层，西南暖湿气流从逆温层顶开始抬升。过程发生时，中高层为高空槽前强盛的西南急流控制，配合850 hPa槽线和锋区。低层暖湿空气沿冷垫之上的强锋区做斜升运动，以及强的环境风垂直切变，均有利于强对流天气的触发、发展和维持。前期的降水、强盛西南急流源源不断的水汽输送，以及水汽局地的辐合，为此次过程提供了充足的水汽。
To analysis the process of a severe convective weather that occurred at Ningbo Airport in February 21~22, 2024, by using surface meteorological observation data of Ningbo Airport and NECP/FNL 1？ × 1？ reanalysis data. The results show that this process is a typical elevated thunderstorm that occurred behind the surface cold front. The atmospheric stratification is stable near the surface layer, and there is an obvious inversion layer in the lower atmosphere. The warm and humid southwest airflow rises from the top of the inversion layer. When the process occurs, the middle and upper levels are controlled by the strong southwest jet stream in front of the high-level trough, with the trough line and frontal zone at 850 hPa. The inclined upward movement of low-level warm and humid air along the strong frontal zone above the cold air cushion and the strong vertical shear of environmental winds, are conducive to the triggering, development, maintenance and of severe convective weather. The precipitation in the early stage, continuous water vapor transport from the strong southwest jet stream, and local convergence of water vapor provided sufficient water vapor for this process.