农村留守妇女心理健康现状、原因及对策研究
Study on the Current Mental Health Status, Causes, and Countermeasures of Rural Left-Behind Women

随着中国城乡经济差异的扩大和劳动力市场的变化，越来越多的农村男性通过进城务工来提高家庭经济收入，导致出现了大量的农村留守妇女。留守妇女不得不承担起多重角色，她们面临着巨大心理压力，并产生了一系列心理健康问题。文章指出农村留守妇女产生的情绪障碍、焦虑与抑郁、人际关系问题、自我价值缺失的表现，结合依恋理论、生命周期理论、社会认同理论，从性别角色、家庭结构、社会支持三个方面分析农村留守妇女心理健康问题的成因，提出应从加强心理健康教育、完善社会支持体系、提升留守妇女自我能力以及增强家庭与社区联系等方面入手，推动农村留守妇女心理健康发展。
With the expansion of the economic gap between urban and rural areas in China and changes in the labor market, an increasing number of rural men are going to cities for work to improve their family’s economic income, leading to a large number of rural left-behind women. Left-behind women have to take on multiple roles, facing tremendous psychological pressure and developing a series of mental health issues. This article points out the emotional disorders, anxiety and depression, interpersonal problems, and lack of self-worth exhibited by rural left-behind women. Combining attachment theory, life cycle theory, and social identity theory, it analyzes the causes of mental health issues among rural left-behind women from three aspects: gender roles, family structure, and social support. It proposes that to promote the psychological health development of rural left-behind women, efforts should be made to strengthen mental health education, improve the social support system, enhance the self-capabilities of left-behind women, and strengthen family and community connections.