论我国证人出庭作证率低困境与对策研究
China’s Dilemma of the Low Rate of Witnesses Testifying in Court and Countermeasures Research

证人出庭作证是证人证言证据的重要表现形式，能为案件审理提供相关证据，帮助审判人员理解案件真相，对案件的结果产生直接影响。我国对证人出庭作证的立法规定逐渐完善，但实践中出庭率低，不利于查明事实、公正判案。经分析，证人受到心理因素、经济因素和社会因素的综合影响，如证人并不愿卷入纠纷、打破和谐；出庭作证成本较大而所获补偿较小；出庭作证后证人易受到对方当事人的打击报复。同时通过借鉴国外证人出庭作证制度，发现我国相比英美德等国家采取强制性手段，甚至指控罪名的方式，传唤证人出庭的强制性力度仍显不足。基于此，本文提出相应的对策以提高证人出庭作证率，如提升公民法治意识，在法庭上摒弃“厌诉”“中庸”等思维；优化证人补偿措施，在物质和精神上给予支持；加大证人保护力度，人身安全和心理健康双管齐下；结合本国国情，考虑证人强制到庭措施。以上方法将有助于建设更加良好的民事诉讼法程序实施环境，创造良好的法治氛围。
Witness testimony in court is an important form of witness testimony evidence, which can provide relevant evidence for the trial of the case, help the trial staff understand the truth of the case, and have a direct impact on the outcome of the case. China’s legislation on witness testimony in court has been gradually improved, but in practice, the rate of appearance in court is low, which is not conducive to ascertaining the facts and judging the case fairly. After analysis, witnesses are affected by psychological, economic and social factors, such as witnesses are not willing to get involved in disputes and break the harmony; the cost of testifying in court is larger and the compensation received is smaller; after testifying in court, witnesses are susceptible to retaliation by the other party. At the same time through the reference to foreign witness testimony system, found that our country compared to the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany and other countries to take the mandatory means, and even the way of accusation, the mandatory strength of witnesses summoned to appear in court is still insufficient. Based on this, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures to improve the rate of witnesses testifying in court, such as enhancing the citizens’ awareness of the rule of law, in the court to abandon the “aversion to litigation”, “mediocrity” and other thinking; optimize the witnesses compensation measures, material and spiritual support; increase the strength of witness protection, personal safety and psychological health of witnesses. We should also optimize witness compensation measures and provide material and moral support; increase witness protection efforts and take a two-pronged approach to personal safety and mental health; and consider measures to compel witnesses to appear in court, taking into account our national conditions. The above methods will help build a better environment for the implementation of civil