As an important means to treat anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, the reconstruction technology under arthroscopy has made remarkable progress in recent years, evolving gradually from the early traditional open surgery to the minimally invasive surgery under full arthroscopy. At present, it is widely used. Different graft choices (such as autologous hamstring, peroneus longus, artificial tendon, and allogeneic tendon, etc.) and fixation methods (such as metal suspension fixation, interference screw, etc.) have their own characteristics. However, this technology still faces some challenges, such as postoperative complications and the long-term stability of the graft. In terms of future trends, it will develop in a more accurate and personalized direction. New materials and technologies are expected to emerge continuously to improve the surgical effect and the rehabilitation quality of patients, providing stronger support for clinical application and research. This article will conduct a comprehensive review from aspects such as surgical methods, graft selection, fixation methods, ligamentization of the graft, challenges faced, and future trends in ACL reconstruction surgery.
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