论我国个人破产免责制度的问题研究
Research into the Issues of the Personal Bankruptcy Exemption System in Our Country

建立个人破产免责制度，对保证市场主体的有序退出、维持社会秩序、破解“执行难”具有重要意义。当前，深圳和浙江等地已对个人破产免责制度进行了有益的尝试，但也存在着债务人破产选择程序任意、失复权范围模糊、豁免财产范围过于宽泛、监管权力不平衡等诸多问题。与此同时，个人破产免责制度在国外已经历一段时间的发展成熟，它通过以国家统一立法的形式来保证强制力，巧妙合理地设计免责前置性程序来节约司法资源等成熟的经验，对于我国的立法来说具有非常重要的借鉴价值。为此，我们应在肯定这一制度的可行性和必要性的前提下，综合借鉴域外立法、深圳制度及浙江实践的做法，从中提炼出具体的改进思路，为我国建立这一制度提供有益的借鉴。
The establishment of personal bankruptcy exemption system is of great significance to ensure the orderly withdrawal of market players, maintain social order and solve the “implementation difficulty”. At present, Shenzhen, Zhejiang and other places have made beneficial attempts to the personal bankruptcy exemption system, but there are also many problems, such as the debtor’s bankruptcy selection procedure is arbitrary, the scope of the right of reinstatement is vague, the scope of exempted property is too broad, and the regulatory power is unbalanced. At the same time, the personal bankruptcy exemption system has been developed and matured for a period of time abroad. It has a very important reference value for China’s legislation by ensuring the coercive force in the form of unified national legislation and designing the exemption pre-procedure skillfully and reasonably to save judicial resources. Therefore, on the premise of affirming the feasibility and necessity of this system, we should learn from foreign legislation, Shenzhen system and Zhejiang practice, and extract concrete improvement ideas from them, which will provide useful reference for the establishment of this system in China.