基于数据挖掘探究中医药治疗小儿过敏性鼻炎
Traditional Chinese Medicine for Treating Allergic Rhinitis in Children Based on Data Mining

目的：通过应用IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0及R4.4.0挖掘中医药治疗小儿过敏性鼻炎的组方用药规律，并对高频药物、用药模式及治疗思路进行探讨。方法：搜集国家知识基础设施数据库(CNKI)自1959年至2023年10月应用中医药治疗小儿过敏性鼻炎的期刊文献，经过筛选后建立方药数据库，运用IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0及R4.4.0集成的关联规则Apriori算法、聚类分析等算法对药物频次、性味归经、用药模式、规则分析及新处方等结果进行输出，并进行网络可视化展示。结果：纳入处方188首，共涉及210味中药，高频药物包括辛夷、防风、苍耳子、白芷、白术、甘草、黄芪、黄芩、蝉蜕、五味子等，药性以温性(51.10%)居多，药味以辛(32.60%)、甘(30.66%)、苦(24.79%)味为主，归经以肺经(1661次，26.62%)、脾经(1055次，16.91%)、胃经(887次，14.22%)居多，并且得到药物之间的关联规则，得到新处方6个。结论：小儿过敏性鼻炎用药以解表药、补虚药、清热药、化痰止咳平喘药为主，治疗以温肺固表，祛风散寒为主要大法，分析结果与本病诊疗指南较为吻合，可为小儿过敏性鼻炎的临床治疗及新药开发提供参考。
Objective: To explore the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions for treating allergic rhinitis in children by the application of the IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 and R4.4.0, and to analyze the high-frequency medicines, medication patterns, and treatment ideas. Methods: The articles about the TCM treatment of allergic rhinitis in children were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) with the time interval from 1959 to October 2023. The articles screened out were used to establish a prescription database. The Apriori algorithm and clustering in IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 and R4.4.0 were employed to analyze the medicine frequency, nature, taste, and meridian tropism, medication patterns and rules, and new prescriptions, and the results were visualized in network. Results: A total of 188 prescriptions involving 210 Chinese medicines were included. High-frequency medicines included Flos Magnoliae, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Xanthii Fructus, Angelicae dahuricae Radix, Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, Scutellariae Radix, Cicadae Periostracum and Schisandrae chinensis Fructus. Most of the medicines had warm nature (51.10%), pungent (32.60%), sweet (30.60%) and bitter (24.79%) tastes, and tropism to the lung meridian (1661, 26.62%), spleen meridian (1055, 16.91%), stomach meridian (887, 14.22%). The association rules between medicines and 6 new prescriptions were mined out. Conclusion: The allergic rhinitis in children is mainly treated with exterior-releasing medicines, tonics, heat-clearing medicines and medicines of resolving phlegm, relieving cough and asthma. The treatment methods mainly follow the principles of warming lung solid surface, strengthening exterior and expelling wind and cold. The