医学院校本科实习生安宁疗护知识及态度现状分析
Analysis of Knowledge and Attitudes of Undergraduate Interns in Medical Schools towards Palliative Care

目的：调查医学院校本科实习生安宁疗护知识、态度的现状。方法：采用自行设计的一般人口学问卷、医学人文相关知识调查、福罗尔梅特临终关怀态度量(FATCOD-B)、姑息护理知识问卷(PCQN)及共情能力量表(JSE-HP)，通过问卷星对新疆某医学高校2023届实习生开展网络调查。结果：356名医学院校实习生了解医学人文相关知识主要通过校内课程(85.11%)、临床实习(73.03%)、校内外讲座(64.89%)；310名(91.18%)的实习生认为临床诊疗能力为最重要的医学生核心能力；197名(55.34%)实习生非常同意“临终关怀是一件有意义的事情”，311名(87.18%)实习生同意或非常同意“在病人临终期间及死亡后都要对病人家属进行关怀”；108名(30.34%)实习生非常不同意“我不想照料临终病人”；127名(35.67%)没有见过临终病人或做过临终关怀服务，172名(48.31%)见过临终病人但没做过临终关怀服务，仅57名(16.01%)做过临终关怀服务；178名(50.01%)实习生在观察病情或询问病史时，会注意病人的情绪变化；286名(80.34%)实习生在诊治病人时会尝试从病人的立场来思考。97名(27.25%)实习生认为“情感的投入在疾病治疗中是没有作用的”。结论：医学院校实习生安宁疗护态度有待提高、安宁疗护知识水平一般，安宁疗护教育亟待普及、伦理决策能力在医学生核心能力中的重要性认识不足，共情能力有待提高且医学人文相关知识来源较为分散，建全医学人文课程系统性指导，可有效改善医学院校实习生安宁疗护态度。
Objective: To investigate the status quo of hospice care knowledge and attitude of undergraduates in medical colleges. Methods: A self-designed general demographic questionnaire, medical humanistic knowledge survey, Fololmet end-of-life Care attitude Measure (FATCOD-B), Palliative care Knowledge Questionnaire (PCQN) and Empathy Ability Scale (JSE-HP) were used to conduct a network survey on 2023 interns in a medical university in Xinjiang. Results: Among 356 medical college interns, medical humanities related knowledge was mainly learned through on-campus courses (85.11%), clinical practice (73.03%) and lectures (64.89%). 310 interns (91.18%) considered clinical diagnosis and treatment ability as the most important core ability of medical students; 197 (55.34%) interns strongly agreed that “hospice care is a meaningful thing”, 311 (87.18%) interns agreed or strongly agreed that “care should be given to patients’ families during and after their death”; 108 interns (30.34%) strongly disagreed with “I don’t want to take care of dying patients”; 127 (35.67%) had never seen a terminally ill patient or provided hospice services, 172 (48.31%) had seen a terminally ill patient but had not provided hospice services, and only 57 (16.01%) had provided hospice services; 178 trainees (50.01%) paid attention to the emotional changes of patients when observing the condition or inquiring the medical history; 286 trainees (80.34%) tried to think from the patient’s point of view when treating patients. 97 trainees (27.25 percent) believed that “emotional involvement has no role in disease treatment.” Conclusion: The hospice care attitude of medical college interns needs