心理资本对大学生睡眠质量的影响——以有氧运动参与度为中介分析
The Impact of Psychological Capital on College Students’ Sleep Quality —A Mediated Analysis of Aerobic Exercise Participation

本研究旨在引入中介变量——有氧运动参与度的提升评估心理资本对睡眠质量影响有效性。方法：发放调查问卷，纳入60名南京医科大学康达学院临床医学系学生，运用心理资本量表(包括自我效能、希望、乐观和韧性四个维度)和体育锻炼量等级表(PARS-3)评估心理资本和运动量。通过SPSS16.0软件进行数据分析，采用相关性分析、结构方程模型构建和中介效应检验。结果：研究结果表明，心理资本(包括希望、韧性、乐观和自我效能)得分高的大学生其睡眠质量显著提高，表现为正相关(β = 3.569, p = 0.000)，心理资本对直接改善睡眠时间无益(β = ？2.356, p = 0.000)，而是通过提升有氧运动参与度(β = 8.155, p = 0.000)，进而对睡眠产生积极影响。同时，在有氧运动与睡眠质量的关联中起到中介作用，即高运动量的个体在进行心理资本建设后，其睡眠质量提升更为明显。本研究为高校开展体育健康教育提供了理论依据，建议将有氧运动作为改善大学生睡眠质量的有效手段之一，并结合心理资本的培养，以期达到更佳的身心健康效果。
The aim of this study was to introduce the mediating variable, the improvement of aerobic exercise participation, to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological capital on sleep quality. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to 60 students from the Department of Clinical Medicine, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, and psychological capital and physical activity were assessed by using the Psychological Capital Scale (including four dimensions of self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience) and the Physical Activity Scale (PARS-3). SPSS16.0 software was used for data analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation model construction and mediation effect test. Results: The results showed that the sleep quality of college students with high scores of psychological capital (including hope, resilience, optimism and self-efficacy) was significantly improved, which was positively correlated (β = 3.569, p = 0.000), and psychological capital did not directly improve sleep time (β = ？2.356, p = 0.000), but had a positive effect on sleep by increasing aerobic exercise participation (β = 8.155, p = 0.000). At the same time, it plays a mediating role in the association between aerobic exercise and sleep quality, that is, the sleep quality of individuals with high physical activity is more obvious after the construction of psychological capital. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of physical health education in colleges and universities, and suggests that aerobic exercise should be regarded as one of the effective means to improve the sleep quality of college students, and combined with the cultivation of psychological capital, in order to achieve better physical and mental health effects.