论恩格斯文本集中的历史人物评价方法
Evaluation Method of Historical Figures in Engels’ Text Collection

历史人物评价问题一直以来都是人类认识活动的重要内容。基于唯物史观的创立和发展，恩格斯认为如何评价历史人物存在两个重要的影响因素：一方面，历史人物属于社会生活的一部分，自有其产生、发展的客观规律；另一方面，历史人物自身的主观能动性易受特定时代条件和历史环境的制约，需要用辩证的眼光来看待。两个因素相互影响、相互作用，构成了客观评价与辩证研究历史人物的两方面。
The evaluation of historical figures has always been a significant aspect of human intellectual activity. Based on the establishment and development of historical materialism, Engels posited that there are two crucial factors influencing the evaluation of historical figures. On the one hand, historical figures are part of social life, governed by their own objective laws of emergence and development. On the other hand, the subjective initiative of historical figures is often constrained by the specific conditions and historical context of their era, necessitating a dialectical perspective. These two factors interact and influence each other, forming the dual aspects of objective evaluation and dialectical research of historical figures.