Aims: To investigate the pathogenesis of sarcopenia and the role of important cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-15 in patients with sarcopenia by measuring their levels. Methods: During September to December 2020, a total of 200 healthy individuals were randomly selected as research subjects from those who were undergoing physical examinations at Linyi People’s Hospital. These subjects were divided into three groups, with 155 cases in the non-sarcopenia group (Group 1), 25 cases in the pre-sarcopenia group (Group 2), and 20 cases in the sarcopenia group (Group 3). The skeletal muscle content of the limbs was accurately measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) technology. The levels of three cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-15 in the peripheral venous blood serum, which are closely related to skeletal muscle mass, underwent quantitative detection by applying the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The IL-15 level in the non-sarcopenia group was significantly higher than that in the sarcopenia group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant statistical difference in the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 among the three groups. Conclusion: IL-15 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of sarcopenia, and its decreased level may be related to the progression of sarcopenia.
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