行政协议纠纷解决可适用仲裁制度的探析
Analysis of the Applicable Arbitration System for Resolving Administrative Agreement Disputes

行政协议在社会管理领域的广泛应用凸显出服务型政府柔性管理的特点。理论界过分重视行政协议的“行政性”而忽略其“协议性”，不利于吸引社会资本合作与纠纷的高效解决。本文立足于行政协议“行政性”与“协议性”的双重属性，基于德国双阶层理论，参考法国的实践经验，阐述行政协议纠纷适用仲裁程序的理论基础。实践中行政协议纠纷呈现高增长态势，法院办案压力不容小觑；新《仲裁法》草案删除平等主体规定，为行政协议纠纷适用仲裁程序提供制度空间；仲裁程序具有专业性、高效性特点，均为行政协议纠纷适用仲裁程序提供现实正当性基础。产生行政协议纠纷时应结合争议条款的性质、产生的时间点、内容等综合判断；完全行政性质的行政协议纠纷禁止仲裁，否则允许采用仲裁程序解决争议；仲裁机构应专门设置行政争议解决人员及部门。
The wide application of administrative agreements in the field of social management highlights the characteristics of flexible management of service-oriented governments. The theoretical community attaches too much importance to the “administrative” nature of administrative agreements and ignores their “agreement”, which is not conducive to attracting social capital cooperation and efficient dispute resolution. Based on the dual attributes of “administrative” and “agreement” of administrative agreements, this paper expounds the theoretical basis for the application of arbitration procedures in administrative agreement disputes based on the two-tier theory of Germany and with reference to the practical experience of France. In practice, administrative agreement disputes have shown a high growth trend, and the pressure on courts to handle cases should not be underestimated. The new Arbitration Law deletes the provision on equal subjects to provide institutional space for the application of arbitration procedures for administrative agreement disputes. The arbitration procedure is professional and efficient, and provides a realistic and legitimate basis for the application of arbitration procedures for administrative agreement disputes. When a dispute arises over an administrative agreement, a comprehensive judgment should be made based on the nature, time and content of the disputed clause; Arbitration is prohibited for administrative agreement disputes of a completely administrative nature, otherwise arbitration procedures are allowed to be used to resolve disputes; Arbitration institutions shall set up special administrative dispute resolution personnel and departments.