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Present Arsenic Status in Drinking Water and Its Impacts on Human Health: A Socio-Environmental Study on Villagers Living in Most Arsenic Prone Area in Bangladesh

DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2024.134027, PP. 599-610

Keywords: Arsenic, Drinking Water, Toxicity, Health Hazards, Socio-environmental Impacts

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Abstract:

Bangladesh is an agricultural country facing severe natural hazards in recent times. This results in agricultural damage, ecological damage, economic damage and human health damage. Keshabpur upazilla, Jashore district is considered one of the most arsenic prone areas in Bangladesh. However, there was no research data found regarding presence of arsenic in ground water and its transfer to crops and impacts on human health. A questionnaire-based research was conducted to evaluate the present scenario of this area. However, two representative water samples were collected and analyzed. The data showed that 24% people didn’t know about As, 27% people didn’t know about arsenic effects on human health, 61% people depends on neighbor’s deep tubewell (600 - 750 feet depth) for drinking water, 40% people depend on government-provided deep tubewell for irrigation water, 19% peoples are suffering water scarcity in dry season because groundwater level decreased at that time and people mostly suffered with fever. The other diseases were headache, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach ache, allergy, water pox and asthma. Doctors are providing general treatments but never try to find out the reasons based on As. Therefore, it is still unknown to them about which diseases are caused by As. Water analysis data showed that free CO2, EC, BOD, NH 4 + , NO 3 ？ , Ca2+, Mg2+, As and Fe for drinking water and NH 4 + , NO3-, As and Fe for irrigation water were found to be higher than the DoE permitted safe water standards. The soil data collected from SRDI also supported the present research data. Continuous irrigation with water builds higher concentration of Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe and Mn in the soil. Unfortunately, no data on As was found from SRDI. This research might work as a baseline research for policy makers and researchers to apply proper management plan in this area.

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