“疯了”的语义演变与语法化
Semantic Change and Grammaticalization of “Fengle”

汉语中“疯”和“了”从跨层结构，到组合使用，再用作程度补语和话语标记，经历了词汇化和语法化过程。“疯了”的语义演变从表具体癫狂义的“疯了₁”开始，到表抽象癫狂义的“疯了₂”，再到表极限程度义的“疯了₃”和表否定态度义的“疯了₄”。“疯了”的词汇化和语法化机制主要有：认知隐喻和语义泛化、句法位置、重新分析、双音化和主观化。
In Chinese mandarin, “Feng” and “Le” emerged as a cross-layer structure, then formed a combination, and finally used as degree complement and discourse marker through lexicalization and grammaticalization. “Fengle” has undergone semantic change, which shifts from describing concrete “madness” and abstract “madness” to indicating extreme degree and negative attitude. The main mechanisms for the lexicalization and grammaticalization of “Fengle” are: Cognitive metaphor and semantic generalization, syntactical position, reanalysis, disyllablization and subjectivization.