大学生学业压力与抑郁情绪的相关性研究
A Study on the Correlation between Academic Pressure and Depression among College Students

目的：探究大学生学业压力与抑郁情绪的关系，为大学生心理健康提供有益参考。方法：使用具有全国代表性的2018年中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS2018)，采用流调中心抑郁自评量表(CESD-8)测量在读大学生的抑郁情绪，并通过Logistic模型检验大学生学业压力与抑郁情绪的相关关系。结果：被调查大学生的抑郁检出率为18.65%。不同学习压力组的大学生抑郁情绪检出率存在显著差异(χ² = 18.898, P = 0.001)，学业压力最高和次高组中抑郁情绪检出率分别为42.11%和26.85%。大学生学业压力与情绪低落(r = 0.143, P < 0.05)、做事费劲(r = 0.165, P < 0.05)、睡眠不好(r = 0.135, P < 0.05)、生活快乐(反向，r = 0.114，P < 0.05)和悲伤难过(r = 0.093, P < 0.05)显著相关。大学生学业压力(B = 0.559; OR = 1.748, 95%CI: 1.259~2.428)显著预测抑郁情绪的检出。相关因素中，午休(B = ？0.550; OR = 0.577, 95%CI: 0.337~0.988)、自评健康(B = ？0.345; OR = 0.708, 95%CI: 0.506~0.990)和自评优秀(B = ？0.414; OR = 0.661, 95%CI: 0.419~1.043)是大学生抑郁情绪的保护因素。结论：大学生抑郁情绪检出率较高，学业压力是大学生抑郁情绪的关键预测因素。应当正确缓解大学生的学业压力，打破学业压力造成抑郁情绪进而又使得大学生学习低效的恶性循环。
Objective: To explore the relationship between academic stress and depression among college students and provide helpful references for their mental health. Methods: Using nationally representative data from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-8) was used to measure depression among college students, and logistic regression models were used to test the relationship between academic stress and depression. Results: The detection rate of depression among college students was 18.65%. The detection rate of depression among different academic stress groups had a significant difference (χ² = 18.898, P = 0.001), with 42.11% and 26.85% in the highest and second-highest academic stress groups, respectively. Academic stress was significantly correlated with low mood (r = 0.143, P < 0.05), difficulty in completing tasks (r = 0.165, P < 0.05), poor sleep (r = 0.135, P < 0.05), happiness (inverse indicator r = 0.114, P < 0.05), and sadness (r = 0.093, P < 0.05). Academic stress was a significant predictor of depression detection (B = 0.559; OR = 1.748, 95%CI: 1.259~2.428). Factors such as taking a nap (B = ？0.550; OR = 0.577, 95%CI: 0.337~0.988), self-rated health (B = ？0.345; OR = 0.708, 95%CI: 0.506~0.990), and self-rated excellence (B = ？0.414; OR = 0.661, 95%CI: 0.419~1.043) were protective factors against depression among college students. Conclusion: The detection rate of depression among college students is high, and academic stress is a key predictor of depression. It is necessary to correctly relieve academic stress among college students and break the vicious cycle of academic stress leading to