沅江流域水库群联合防洪调度应用分析
Application Analysis of Joint Flood Control Scheduling of Reservoir Groups in Yuanjiang River Basin

沅江流域水资源丰富，通过水库群联合优化调度能够发挥较大潜力。本文根据沅江流域特性，以最大削峰准则为目标，考虑最大下泄流量、水电机组最大出力、生态基流等约束条件，构建了沅江流域水库群防洪调度模型。在保证水库工程安全的前提下，进行了不同洪水条件下的联合防洪调度研究。研究结果表明，相比于常规调度，优化调度具有以下优势：1) 在调度期动用等量防洪库容的情况下，托口、凤滩和五强溪水库的削峰率分别增加了15.4%、22.8%和14.7%；2) 优化调度最高水位低于常规调度最高水位，既有效保障了下游防洪安全，也减轻了水库上游城镇农田的淹没损失，实现了防洪效益的最大化。
Yuanjiang River basin is rich in water resources, which can be maximumly used through joint optimization of reservoir group scheduling. In this paper, a flood control scheduling model of reservoirs in the Yuan River basin was constructed according to the characteristics of the basin, taking the maximum peak reduction criterion as the objective and considering the constraints such as maximum discharge flow, maximum output of hydropower units, and ecological base flow. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of the reservoir projects, a joint flood control scheduling study was carried out under different flood conditions. The results show that compared with the conventional dispatching, the joint and optimal dispatching has the following advantages: 1) The peak-clipping rate of the Tuokou, Fengtan and Wuqiangxi Reservoirs have increased 15.4%, 22.8% and 14.7%, respectively, when an equal amount of flood control storage capacity is utilized during the dispatching period; 2) The maximum water levels of the optimized dispatching are lower than that of conventional dispatching, which can effectively guarantee the safety of downstream flood control and reduce the inundation loss of farmland in the upstream of the reservoirs, thus achieve the maximization of flood control benefits.